一、快速重點摘要
- overtake(動詞):表示「超越、追上」,常用於交通、競爭或抽象情境
- take over(動詞片語):表示「接管、接手、掌控」
- takeover(名詞):表示「接管、收購(過程)」
- 核心差異:
overtake → 強調「超越」
take over → 強調「取得控制權(動作)」
takeover → 強調「接管事件(名詞)」
二、Overtake 的意思與用法
定義:趕上並超越前方的人或事物,也可指在競爭中勝過他人,或被某種情緒壓倒。
詞源:源自 13 世紀,原意為「追捕逃跑者」。
用法重點:
- 及物動詞(後面一定要有受詞)
- 常見於交通、比賽、抽象競爭
例:overtake a car / overtake competitors
三、Take over 的意思與用法
定義:取得控制權、接手某事,或公司收購。
用法重點:
- 動詞片語(phrasal verb)
- 可用於人或公司
例:take over a company / take over responsibility
四、Takeover 的意思與用法
定義:接管或收購的「過程」或「事件」。
補充:hostile takeover(惡意收購)
用法重點:
- 名詞
- 常見於商業或新聞語境
五、三者差異比較表
| 字詞 | 詞性 | 意思 | 使用情境 |
|---|---|---|---|
| overtake | 動詞 | 超越、追上 | 交通、競爭 |
| take over | 動詞片語 | 接管、接手 | 工作、公司 |
| takeover | 名詞 | 接管、收購 | 商業、新聞 |
六、常見錯誤用法解析
- ❌ He takeover the company.
✔ He took over the company. - ❌ The company will take over next year.(缺受詞)
✔ The company will take over another firm. - ❌ The takeover the car.
✔ He overtook the car.
七、同義詞與相關字
- overtake → surpass, outpace
- take over → assume control, take charge
- takeover → acquisition, buyout
八、基本例句(5句)
- He overtook the bus.(他超越了公車)
- She overtook her rivals.(她超越了競爭對手)
- He took over the business.(他接管了公司)
- She will take over the project.(她將接手專案)
- The takeover shocked the market.(這次收購震驚市場)
九、進階例句(10句)
- The car suddenly overtook us.(那輛車突然超越我們)
- Fear overtook him.(恐懼壓倒了他)
- China has overtaken many economies.(中國已超越許多經濟體)
- She overtook him in the final lap.(她在最後一圈超越他)
- The company took over its competitor.(該公司收購競爭對手)
- He took over as CEO.(他接任執行長)
- Robots may take over human jobs.(機器人可能取代人類工作)
- The takeover was hostile.(這次收購是惡意的)
- The firm announced a major takeover.(公司宣布重大收購)
- The takeover deal took months to complete.(收購案歷時數月完成)
十、FAQ 常見問題
Q1:overtake 和 take over 最大差別是什麼?
A:overtake 是「超越」,take over 是「接管」。
Q2:take over 和 takeover 可以互換嗎?
A:不行。take over 是動詞,takeover 是名詞。
Q3:什麼是 hostile takeover?
A:未經同意的公司收購(惡意收購)。