Infect vs. infest

Infect 意為「(疾病、病菌) 傳染 (給人),感染;污染,使 (食物、空氣等) 遭到污染,散佈病毒於;(思想或情緒上) 感染或影響 (他人)」,如 Don’t come near me if you’ve got a cold. I don’t want to be infected. (如果你感冒了,那就不要靠近我。我不想被傳染);He was infected with HIV. (他感染了愛滋病毒);The flu virus infected almost the entire class. (全班幾乎都感染了流感病毒);The food was infected with unspecified viruses. (食物受到不明病毒的污染);An unspecified kind of virus infects word-processing files. (一種不明的病毒感染文書處理檔案);Amy infected the whole class with her optimism. (艾美的樂觀感染了全班)。

Infest 意為「(有害的、危險的、討厭的人、動物、昆蟲等) 大批出沒於,侵擾,騷擾 (某地)」,如 The entire house was infested with mice. / Mice infested the entire house. (整棟房子鼠滿為患);The mountains were infested with robbers. (山裡有大批盜賊出沒);Mosquitoes infested many places. (蚊子侵擾許多地方)。由 infest 衍生而來的 -infested 與名詞連用來構成形容詞,意為「大批出沒的,大量滋生的,侵擾的」,如 shark-infested waters (大批鯊魚出沒的水域);a crime-infested city (犯罪充斥的城市)。

從上面的例句可知,這兩個及物動詞常用被動態且與介系詞 with 連用。它們的名詞分別為 infection 和 infestation,前者意為「感染,傳染;傳染病」,後者意為「大批出沒,侵擾,騷擾」。

將本文加入書籤.

發表迴響