Overtake、take over 與 takeover 用法完整解析

一、快速重點摘要

  • overtake(動詞):表示「超越、追上」,常用於交通、競爭或抽象情境
  • take over(動詞片語):表示「接管、接手、掌控」
  • takeover(名詞):表示「接管、收購(過程)」
  • 核心差異
    overtake → 強調「超越」
    take over → 強調「取得控制權(動作)」
    takeover → 強調「接管事件(名詞)」


二、Overtake 的意思與用法

定義:趕上並超越前方的人或事物,也可指在競爭中勝過他人,或被某種情緒壓倒。

詞源:源自 13 世紀,原意為「追捕逃跑者」。

用法重點:

  • 及物動詞(後面一定要有受詞)
  • 常見於交通、比賽、抽象競爭

例:overtake a car / overtake competitors


三、Take over 的意思與用法

定義:取得控制權、接手某事,或公司收購。

用法重點:

  • 動詞片語(phrasal verb)
  • 可用於人或公司

例:take over a company / take over responsibility


四、Takeover 的意思與用法

定義:接管或收購的「過程」或「事件」。

補充:hostile takeover(惡意收購)

用法重點:

  • 名詞
  • 常見於商業或新聞語境

五、三者差異比較表

字詞詞性意思使用情境
overtake動詞超越、追上交通、競爭
take over動詞片語接管、接手工作、公司
takeover名詞接管、收購商業、新聞

六、常見錯誤用法解析

  • ❌ He takeover the company.
    ✔ He took over the company.
  • ❌ The company will take over next year.(缺受詞)
    ✔ The company will take over another firm.
  • ❌ The takeover the car.
    ✔ He overtook the car.

七、同義詞與相關字

  • overtake → surpass, outpace
  • take over → assume control, take charge
  • takeover → acquisition, buyout

八、基本例句(5句)

  1. He overtook the bus.(他超越了公車)
  2. She overtook her rivals.(她超越了競爭對手)
  3. He took over the business.(他接管了公司)
  4. She will take over the project.(她將接手專案)
  5. The takeover shocked the market.(這次收購震驚市場)

九、進階例句(10句)

  1. The car suddenly overtook us.(那輛車突然超越我們)
  2. Fear overtook him.(恐懼壓倒了他)
  3. China has overtaken many economies.(中國已超越許多經濟體)
  4. She overtook him in the final lap.(她在最後一圈超越他)
  5. The company took over its competitor.(該公司收購競爭對手)
  6. He took over as CEO.(他接任執行長)
  7. Robots may take over human jobs.(機器人可能取代人類工作)
  8. The takeover was hostile.(這次收購是惡意的)
  9. The firm announced a major takeover.(公司宣布重大收購)
  10. The takeover deal took months to complete.(收購案歷時數月完成)

十、FAQ 常見問題

Q1:overtake 和 take over 最大差別是什麼?

A:overtake 是「超越」,take over 是「接管」。

Q2:take over 和 takeover 可以互換嗎?

A:不行。take over 是動詞,takeover 是名詞。

Q3:什麼是 hostile takeover?

A:未經同意的公司收購(惡意收購)。

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