條件句
Ever 用在 if 所引導的條件句時,ever 可緊接在 if 之後或位在句子的中間位置,亦即位在主詞和主動詞之間 (即普通動詞之前)、語氣助動詞或第一個助動詞之後,或當主動詞用的 BE 動詞之後。例如:
- If ever you’re in Taipei, do give me a call. (如果你有到台北,一定要打個電話給我)
= If you’re ever in Taipei, do give me a call. - If you ever see Robert, give him my kind regards. (如果你見到羅伯特,請代我向他致以問候之意)
- If Tony had ever worked harder, he would have earned more money. (如果東尼以前更努力工作的話,他會賺更多的錢)
- I seldom/rarely, if ever, watch television. (我難得看電視)
- His wife seldom/rarely, if ever, does any cleaning. (他太太難得打掃一次)
- seldom, if ever 或 rarely, if ever = probably never (難得;可能從不)。 - Now there’s a great challenge, if ever there was one. (現在確實有一項重大的挑戰)
- That was a fine dinner if ever there was one! (那確實是一頓豐盛的晚餐!)
- It was a difficult job if ever there was one. (毋庸置疑地,那是一項艱難的工作)
- If ever there was an opportunity for you to see the president, this was it. (如果說有一個可以讓你見到總統的機會,那就是這個機會了)
- if ever there was one/something 意為「(用來強調所說情況的真實性) 不容置疑,確實」。不管主句的時態為何,if ever there was one/something 中的 there was 為固定用語。
Ever since
Ever since 是 since 的加強語氣版,意為「從此;自從 (… 以來/以後就一直…)」。它所引導的附屬子句使用過去簡單式,而主要子句大多使用現在完成式,但亦可使用現在簡單式。例如:
- I’ve known him ever since Paul was a boy. (從保羅孩提時代起,我就已認識他了)
- Ever since his wife left him, he’s been depressed. (他太太離他而去之後,他一直很消沈)
- I first met Carl at high school and we’ve been such great friends ever since. (我和卡爾初識於中學,從此我們就成了非常要好的朋友)
- He doesn’t take walks on his own ever since he fell. (他摔倒後就無法獨自散步了)
Ever so, ever such
So 和 such 的前面可以加上 ever 來加強語氣。Ever so 和 ever such 為英國口語,兩者皆意為「很,非常」(= very, a very)。前者的句型為:Ever so + 形容詞/副詞 (後面不接名詞)。後者的句型為:Ever such a/an + 形容詞 + 單數可數名詞;ever such + 形容詞 + 複數可數名詞或不可數名詞。例如:
- He’s ever so rich. (他很有錢)
- He walked ever so fast. (他走得非常快)
- It was ever so kind of you to help the poor. (你救濟窮人,你人真好)
- She’s ever so pretty. (她很漂亮)
= She’s very pretty. - She’s ever such a pretty girl. (她是個很漂亮的女孩)
= She’s a very pretty girl. - You’re ever such nice people. (你們人真好)
- My pet dog is in ever such good condition. (我的寵物狗健康狀況非常好)
Ever 還意為「永遠,一直」。例如:
- The situation is the same as ever. (情況一如往常)
- As ever, Kevin refused to admit that he was wrong. (跟往常一樣,凱文拒絕承認他錯了)
- The prince and princess got married and lived happily ever after. (王子和公主結婚後,從此一直過著幸福快樂的生活)
在比較正式的情況中,ever 可以跟形容詞連用或用作複合形容詞的字首來表示「總是,始終;永遠」、「一直,不斷,持續」的意思。例如:
- John is ever ready to help other people. (約翰總是樂意幫助別人)
- The government’s foreign policy seems to be ever-changing. (政府的外交政策似乎不斷地在改變)
- The danger is ever present. (危險總是存在的)
- Nuclear devastation was an ever-present threat. (核子毀滅是個一直存在的威脅)
- The university cannot sustain ever-decreasing numbers of students. (這所大學無法承受不斷減少的學生人數)
- Ben Affleck is an ever-popular movie star. (班‧艾佛列克是個一直廣受歡迎的電影明星)