標籤: 否定式

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Had better not

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  • You had better not tell Linda about her husband’s cheating on her – she’ll go crazy! (你最好別把她先生出軌的事情告訴琳達 － 她會抓狂的！) (正)
  • You‘d better not tell Linda about her husband’s cheating on her – she’ll go crazy! (正)
  • You had not better tell Linda about her husband’s cheating on her – she’ll go crazy! (誤)

解說：Had better 意為「最好」、「應該」，後接原形動詞，係針對特定情況所提出的強烈勸告或建議，帶有警告或威脅會有不良後果的意味。在口語和非正式寫作中，我們亦可使用 had best 來使語氣不會顯得那麼強烈和直接。Had better 和 had best 中的 had 經常縮略為 ‘d。
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should not have + 過去分詞

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  • You should not have wasted time asking her out. (你不該浪費時間約她出去) (正)
  • You should have not wasted time asking her out. (誤)

解說：should have + 過去分詞，肯定式表示過去本應做某事但實際上並沒有做，而否定式表示過去不該做某事但卻做了。否定詞 not 應放在第一個助動詞之後。

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Used to 的否定式

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  • Amy used not to go to clubs, but now she goes there almost every day. (艾美過去不常上夜店，但現在幾乎每天都去) (正)
  • Amy usedn’t to go to clubs, but now she goes there almost every day. (正)
  • Amy wasn’t used to go to clubs, but now she goes there almost every day. (誤)
  • Amy didn’t used to go to clubs, but now she goes there almost every day. (誤)

解說：語氣或情態助動詞 used to 的否定式為 “used not to” 或縮寫成 “usedn’t to” 或 “didn’t use to”。used to 的肯定問句為 “Used + 主詞 + to + V…?” 或 “Did + 主詞 + use to + V…?”；否定問句為 “Usedn’t + 主詞 + to + V…?” 或 “Didn’t + 主詞 + use to + V…?”。