英譯:
walk tall
例句:
If you depend too much upon others you will never be able to walk tall. (如果你過份依賴別人,你就永遠挺不起腰桿來)
We walk tall and the voice is more powerful. (我們理直氣壯,聲音更強有力)
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英譯:
walk tall
例句:
If you depend too much upon others you will never be able to walk tall. (如果你過份依賴別人,你就永遠挺不起腰桿來)
We walk tall and the voice is more powerful. (我們理直氣壯,聲音更強有力)
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A:一般的用法是,如果書信開頭的稱呼 (salutation) 是你不知道姓名的人,亦即所謂的「敬啟者」,如 “Dear Sir”,”Dear Madam” 或 “Dear Sir or Madam”,那麼應使用 “Yours faithfully” — 這是商業書信最常用、最正規的結尾敬辭 (complimentary close)。在相同的稱呼下,亦常使用 “Yours truly”,這種結尾敬辭適用於相識的醫生、律師、銀行行員或證券交易員等;你也可以寫成 “Yours very truly” 來感謝他們給你的關照和幫忙。不過,”Yours truly” 已較少用於商業書信中。
當書信開頭的稱呼使用某人的姓氏時,如 “Dear Mr. Obama”,”My Dear Mr. Johnson”,那麼就要使用 “Yours sincerely” — 這是相識者之間最適宜的結尾敬辭,即使在商業書信中亦越來越流行 (越來越多的商業書信或正式信函,在以 “Dear Sir/Madam” 稱呼時,以 “Yours sincerely” 做敬辭);你也可以使用 “Yours very Sincerely” 來表示更親切的意思。至於很熟悉的人之間,如 “Dear Lily”,相對應的結尾敬辭為 “Kind regards”,”Best regards” — 此用法也表明是私人信函。如果是很要好的朋友,如 “Dear Mary” 或 “My Dear Mary”,則可使用 “Yours ever” 或 “As ever” — 這種用法僅適用於很要好的朋友,意為「你永遠的朋友」。
最後,根據 New York Public Library Writer’s Guide to Style and Usage,開頭的稱呼中每個字都要大寫,而結尾敬辭中的第一個字要大寫,且在末尾要有一個逗點,如 “Yours faithfully,”,”Best regards,”。再者,”Yours…” 的敬辭也可以倒過來寫,如 “Yours faithfully”→ “Faithfully yours” (注意:”Yours faithfully” 沒有 “Yours very faithfully” 的寫法),”Yours very sincerely”→ “Very sincerely yours”,”Yours ever”→ “Ever yours”。
A:這兩句都對。在非正式美式英語中,yet, already, just 和 ever 這幾個過去時間副詞,現今經常與簡單過去式連用,如 The bell just rang. (鈴剛響過);I already saw him. (我看見過他);Did you eat yet? (你吃了嗎?)。但在英式英語中,它們都使用現在完成式,如 The bell has just rung.;I’ve already seen him.;Have you eaten yet?
ever 的用法亦同,所以下面兩句的意思是一樣的:
go against +
對…不利;敗訴
If the decision goes against me, I’ll go bankrupt.
go ahead
開始;繼續進行
The construction of the bypass went ahead despite the protests from environmentalists.
go ahead with +
繼續進行 (某事)
We now intend to go ahead with the final stage of the project.
go along
繼續;進展
Everything was going along just fine until she turned up!
go along with +
贊同,同意,附和 (某人或某事)
I didn’t really agree, but I went along with the decision because I was in the minority.
go around/round
去某人家;走訪;參觀
I went around for dinner at their house.
I went round last night to see them.
go around/round
(疾病或消息) 流傳
A rumor is going around about the Attorney General.
go around/round
足夠分
There aren’t enough jobs to go around for the numbers of people graduating nowadays.
go at +
攻擊;撲向
She went at her dinner like she hadn’t eaten for days.
go at +
拼命幹;努力從事,致力於
The students are really going at their studies now that the exams are near.
go away
離開;消失
This drug should make the pain go away.
go back
回去,返回
When are you going back to your house?
We went back to work after the break.
go back
追溯 (到)
My interest in the subject goes back many years.
go back on +
違背 (諾言,協議等)
Don’t trust him. He always goes back on his promises.
He went back on his word and refused to lend us the money.
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這幾天有觀看南非世界盃足球賽的人,大概都已聽到球場內震天價響的聲音了吧。那些聲音就是由一種叫做 vuvuzela 的喇叭所發出的。

vuvuzela 是一種顏色鮮豔的塑膠喇叭,大約一公尺長,是南非大多數球迷在足球比賽時經常會用到的一個裝備。吹 vuvuzela 時需要嘴唇和肺部運動協調配合,這樣才能吹出音量極高、音調單一的聲音。但由於這種聲音相當尖銳吵雜,讓許多人感到不舒服,自 2010 南非世界盃足球賽在 6 月 11 日開戰以來,主辦當局已接到數以千計來自球員、球迷和轉播人員的抗議和投訴,因此主辦當局正考慮禁止球場內吹 vuvuzela。
最近的一項調查發現,vuvuzela 發出的聲音高達 127 分貝,比鼓聲的 122 分貝和裁判哨音的 121.8 分貝還要高。如果您親臨現場,您會在球場外發現一幅有趣的畫面,那就是販賣 vuvuzela 和販賣耳塞的小販同時穿梭其間。vuvuzela 每支售價約台幣 120 元。
據說,vuvuzela 原本是土著部落用來召集村民開會的器具。最早的 vuvuzela 是用錫做的,1990 年代末期在南非的足球賽中逐漸流行起來。南非一家體育用品公司 Masincedane Sport 於 2001年開始大規模生產塑膠的 vuvuzela,自此之後,vuvuzela 便成了大多數南非球迷裝備中的必備品。
vuvuzela 這個詞的來源說法不一。有人說是源自祖魯語中的「製造噪音」。也有人說是與當地俚語「噴灑」的意思相近,因為 vuvuzela 意為「將音樂灑向人群」。
A:這兩者是一樣的,不過 I have not 的縮寫或縮約 (contraction) 一般大多寫成 “I haven’t”。”I’ve not” 的寫法是在強調否定字 “not”,在正式寫作中最好避免使用。然而,He/She has not 的標準縮寫卻是 “He’s/She’s not” (He/She is not 亦然)。當然了,如果是否定附加問句 (tag questions),那就非使用 “hasn’t” 不可,如 He’s already left, hasn’t he? (他已經離開了,不是嗎?)。至於否定問句則可寫成 Has he not worked for two years? 或 Hasn’t he worked for two years? (他已兩年沒有工作了嗎?)。
are not 有兩種縮寫形式,如 We are not 可寫成 “We’re not” 或 “We aren’t”;但 I am not 只有一種縮約,即 “I’m not”,但其問句並非 “Am I not?”,而是 “Aren’t I?”。至於方言和流行歌曲中常見的 ain’t,由於是非標準英語,在此就不討論了。
A:這句的意思是「他大錯特錯;他錯得很離譜」。這是一種比較特殊的句型,乍看之下,有人可能會認為句子寫錯了。此種句型的結構為:「主詞 + BE 動詞 + as + 形容詞 + as + 形容詞 + can be」,它係藉著重複同一個形容詞來強調該形容詞,意為「極為…」、「不亞於…」、「再…不過了」。例如:
“can be” 亦可用 “may be” 來代替,而過去式則用 “might be”。例如:
英譯:
do the honors
例句:
You do the honors and pour out the tea while I bring in the cakes. (你盡一下地主之誼,給客人倒茶,我去把糕餅拿來)
He was asked to do the honors during his best friend’s wedding. (在他最要好朋友的婚禮上,他被請求招待賓客)
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A:a friend of mine 的所有格是在 mine (不是 friend) 的後面加 ‘s,變成 a friend of mine’s,如 a friend of mine’s bad habit (我一位朋友的壞習慣) — 當然,我們也可寫成 the bad habit of a friend of mine。
sister-in-law (嫂嫂;弟媳;妯娌;丈夫的嫂子;丈夫的弟媳;小姑;大姑;小姨子;大姨子) 和 daughter-in-law (媳婦) 的複數分別為 sisters-in-law 和 daughters-in-law。它們的所有格也是直接在後面加上 ‘s,如 my sisters-in-law’s assets (我嫂嫂們的資產) — 當然,我們最好寫成 the assets of my sisters-in-law。其他類似的複合字 (如 brother-in-law, son-in-law 等) 也是如法炮製。
come from +
來自;產自;源於
She comes from Russia
Eggs come from chickens.
come in
到達:抵達
The plane came in at two-thirty in the morning.
come in
(消息) 被收到;(消息) 傳來
Reports are just coming in of an assassination attempt on the President.
come in +
(競賽中) 取得名次
I did my best but came in last but one in the race.
come in for +
遭到 (批評等);接受 (讚揚等)
Jack’s come in for quite a lot of criticism of late.
come into +
繼承
She came into a lot of money when her grandmother died.
come into use
開始使用
The computerized system came into use at the end of last year.
come off
脫落;掉下來
I picked it up and the handle came off in my hand.
come off
成功
I was surprised when the plan came off so easily.
come off it
別胡說了;別瞎扯了;別開玩笑了
Come off it; tell me the truth for goodness’ sake.
come on
(疾病) 開始發作,襲來
I’ve got a bit of a headache. I hope it doesn’t mean I’ve got flu coming on.
come on
(電燈、機器等) 開,開啟,開動,開始運轉
The central heating comes on automatically an hour before I have to get up.
come on
(用於鼓勵) 振作起來
Come on; don’t give up now when you’re so close to finishing.
come out
(秘密等) 被揭露
The details of the scandal came out in the press and she had to resign.
come out
出現;顯露出來
I didn’t see the car at first. It came out of nowhere.
come out
(書籍、專輯、電影等) 出版;發行;問世
The band’s new CD is coming out in September.
come out
出櫃 (將自己的同性戀身份公開)
Sam finally came out last month.
She came out at university and has been living with her partner, Jane, for the last couple of years.
come out
(太陽、月亮、星星) 露出,出現
It started cloudy, but then the sun came out and we all went to the park.
come out
被洗掉;被擦掉
The red wine I spilt just will not come out of the carpet no matter what I try to clean it with.
come out in +
(因生病或食物、藥物過敏而) 起疹子或出現類似皮膚問題
She came out in a nasty rash after touching the poisonous plant by mistake.
come out with +
推出 (產品)
Microsoft is coming out with a new video game system next month.
come out with +
突然說出 (通常指令人驚訝的事情)
She came out with the answer when everyone was expecting it to remain unsolved.
You never know what the children are going to come out with.
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