英譯：
burn the candle at both ends
例句：
You look very tired today. Have you been burning the candle at both ends? (你今天看起來疲憊不堪。是不是過度勞累了?)
He has been burning the candle at both ends with his work and his studies. (為了兼顧工作和學業，他一直蠟燭兩頭燒)
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A：單數名詞的最後一個字母如果是 s，其所有格有兩種寫法：一是加所有格符號和 s，如 Thomas’s book (湯瑪斯的書)；另一是只加所有格符號，如 Thomas’ book。所以，Chris’s/Chris’ car is ugly. (克里斯的車子好醜) 都是正確的寫法。然而，重要的是，在一篇文章中要保持前後一致，亦即使用同一種寫法。修辭大師 William Strunk 的修辭名著 Elements of Style 建議加所有格符號後再加 s。不過，有些人傾向於不加 s，這可能與發音有關，因為 “Hodges’s book” 講起來和聽起來都有點「不太順」。筆者所能查到的文法參考書籍和手冊大多表示這是個人偏好的問題，但它們強調，不管使用何種寫法，上下文一定要一致。
bring * on +
引起，導致 (尤指疾病)
Getting wet in the rain yesterday brought on my cold.
bring * on +
使出現；使登台；使上場
Bring on the dancers!
bring * out +
推出 (新產品)；出版
The band are bringing out a new CD in the autumn.
bring * out +
使顯現出，使暴露出 (特性、特質等)
Your new shirt brings out the color of your eyes.
Susan brings out the best in him.
Plenty of money often brings out the worst in someone.
bring * out in
使 (某人) 發生健康問題或產生負面情緒反應
It was the lobster that brought me out in this rash all over my body.
Don’t mention what happened last week, it could bring him out in a temper.
bring * round
使 (某人) 恢復知覺
The doctors brought him round a few hours after the operation.
We threw water in his face to try and bring him round.
bring * to
使甦醒
We used smelling salts to bring her to after she fainted.
bring * up +
提及，提到；提出
I didn’t want to bring up the fact that she was unemployed.
bring * up +
養育 (小孩)
Sam was brought up in South Carolina.
She brought up three sons on her own.
bring * up +
使出庭受審；(因某罪名而) 傳訊 (某人) 出庭
He was brought up on charges of public intoxication.
brush * off +
不理會 (某人或某事)；不聽；不接受；不承認
Mary brushed her ex-boyfriend off at the party.
I tried to tell him, but he just brushed me off.
brush * up +
複習；溫習；透過練習來改善、增強或提高
She took a two-week course to brush up her Spanish before she travelling around South and Central America.
bubble over
充滿：洋溢 (到了極點的某情緒)
She bubbled over with joy when she heard her exam results.
buck up
快點，趕快
‘Buck up – the taxi’s waiting.’
buck * up +
注意改善；加把勁
You’d better buck your ideas up, or you’ll fail the course.
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英譯：
with one’s tail between one’s legs
例句：
He left the meeting with his tail between his legs after he was criticized by the president. (他遭到董事長斥責後垂頭喪氣地離席)
The salesman was forced to leave the office with his tail between his legs after he admitted telling a lie about his sales figures. (那位銷售員在承認謊報銷售數據後被迫夾著尾巴離職)
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A：如果括弧內的語句是位在一個句子當中，那麼無論這個嵌入句中的括弧所在的位置為何，括弧內皆不可使用句末標點符號之一的句點，即使括弧內的語句是個完整的句子亦然。因此，The software development plan is described in this chapter (for related information, see the references cited in section 2.3.3). [軟體開發計畫將在本章做說明 (至於相關的資訊，請參見 2.3.3 節所引用的參考文獻)] 是個正確的句子。
句點可以放在括弧內的唯一情況是，括弧內的語句是個完整且獨立的句子，亦即這個句子不是位在另一句子當中，如 He thought he could live to be 100. (Actually he died at 78.) He was a good guy. [他認為他可以活到 100 歲。(事實上，他 78 歲就過世了。) 他是個好人]。由於上句括弧內的語句是個完整且獨立的句子，所以句子的開頭 Actually 要大寫。
然而，儘管嵌入句中的括弧內不可使用句點，但卻可使用另外兩個句末標點符號，即問號和驚嘆號；此外，在嵌入句中的括弧內，句子的開頭不大寫，如 He’s the mayor (but how many people does he know who are out of work?) of that big city. [他是那個大城市的市長 (但他知道現在多少人失業嗎?)]。
sleep on +
(徹夜) 思考 (某事)
My boss said she’d have to sleep on it when I asked her for a raise.
sleep over
在別人家過夜
The au pair made tea for the friends who were sleeping over.
sleep through +
在…期間未能醒來；因睡著而沒有聽見或看見
I sleep through the storm even though the wind blew some slates off the roof.
slip out
溜走；悄悄地離開
The party was really dull so we slipped out and went to the pub instead.
slip up
犯小錯，失誤
The waitress slipped up and didn’t bring us what we had ordered.
slob about/around
懶散；無所事事
I slobbed about all day as I couldn’t be bothered to do any work.
I spent the day slobbing around at home.
slope off
溜走；開小差
The lecture sounded really boring, so I sloped off and went to the pub.
slough * off +
拋棄，丟棄
The government is increasing its powers but is sloughing off responsibility for its failures.
slough * off +
(尤指蛇) 脫 (皮)，蛻 (皮)
Snakes slough off their old skin.
slough * off +
(對傷害或侮辱) 置之不理或等閒視之
He sloughed off the pain and continued running.
slow * down +
(使) 慢了下來；(使) 減緩；(使) 減速
Because Mary’s level in English is lower than the rest of the students, she slows the class down.
slow down
(活動的) 減少
It is important to slow down, rest, and eat sensibly.
slow * up +
(使) 慢了下來；(使) 減緩；(使) 減速
Because Mary’s level in English is lower than the rest of the students, she slows the class up.
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A：在指某人的特定年齡時，aged 是個常用的字，它是形容詞，意為「(某人) … 歲的」，如 A woman aged 50 has given birth to twins. (一名 50 歲婦女產下了一對雙胞胎)；They’ve got two children, aged 3 and 7. (他們有兩個孩子，一個 3 歲，一個 7 歲)。從上面的例句可知，視年齡資料對該人物是否必要而定，aged 前面的逗點可有可無。
然而，除 aged 外，在表示「(某人) … 歲的」意思時，也可使用當名詞用的 age (單數) 或 ages (複數)，亦即 aged 可用 age 或 ages 來替換，如 A woman age 50 has given birth to twins.；They’ve got two children, ages 3 and 7.；Men ages between 18 and 35 are most at risk from violent crime. (18 至 35 歲之間的男性最容易遭遇暴力犯罪的危險)。同樣地，age 或 ages 前面的逗點可有可無。此外，我們亦可使用片語 ” years of age” (注意：這裡的 age 不可用複數且其前沒有冠詞) 來表達相同的意思，如 Men between 18 and 35 years of age are most at risk from violent crime. 或 Men from 18 to 35 years of age are most at risk from violent crime.。
至於「在 (某人) … 歲時」的意思則用 “at age/ages” 或 “at the age/ages of” 來表達，如 He died at age 80. (他 80 歲逝世)；She entered Parliament at the age of 26. (她 26 歲時成為國會議員)；The aim of this study was to explore how prenatal drug exposure (PDE) and caregiving environment relate to cognitive, academic, and behavioral performance at ages 6 and 7. (本研究的目的在探討產前藥物使用情況及照護環境與 6 歲和 7 歲時認知、學術和行為表現的關係)。The New Fowler’s Modern English Usage 一書指出，at age/ages 是美式英語的用法，而 at the age/ages of 是英式英語的用法，但從實際的應用情況來看，這項區分似乎矯枉過正了，不必當真。再者，在 at age/ages 或 at the age/ages of 中，視所要表達的意思而定，at 可換成其他介系詞，如 By age 6, a child is able to cut softer foods with a knife and is able to tie his or her own shoes. (小孩子到了 6 歲就能用刀子切比較柔軟的食物且能自己繫鞋帶)；Men between the ages of 18 and 35 are most at risk from violent crime.。
最後，值得一提的是，aged 當形容詞用時，除了「(某人) … 歲的」意思外，還意為「年老的」，如 an aged man (老翁)；He helped take care of his aged grandfather. (他幫助照料年邁的祖父)。必須注意的是，意為「(某人) … 歲的」aged 為單音節 [edʒd]，而意為「年老的」aged 為兩個音節 [‘edʒɪd]。此外，aged 亦是當動詞用的 age 的過去式和過去分詞，這個字也是單音節，意為「(使) 變老」，如 After his illness he aged quickly. (他病後老得很快)；Since her husband’s death, she has aged considerably. (自從她丈夫去世後，她老了很多)。
Threesome。這個字原本意為「三人；三人一組；三人的比賽」，不過現在舉凡三個人一起玩性愛遊戲，無論是兩女一男或兩男一女一起嘿咻 (romp)，英文都用這個字，也就是國內俗稱的 3P、4P (foursome) 等等。
日前英國小報《世界新聞報》(News of the World) 報導說，英格蘭國家隊前鋒韋恩．魯尼 (Wayne Rooney) 招妓玩 3P。該篇報導的標題是「Cheating Wayne Rooney beds hooker」，文中有一段是這樣寫的，「The cheating England ace begged Jenny, 21, and her pretty friend to fulfill his fantasy with a sordid THREESOME.」。
在上面兩句英文中，cheating 意為「偷吃的；(對太太或丈夫) 不忠的」；bed (口語) 當及物動詞用，意為「與…上床；與…發生性關係」；sordid 意為「骯髒的；污穢的；齷齪的」。
不過，《世界新聞報》的報導就是由這位現年 21 歲的妓女 (hooker) 所爆料。她不僅違反「職業道德」，而且還有點 over，因為魯尼給她的性服務費比一般行情高出數倍之多。顯然地，她是得了便宜又賣乖 (kiss and tell)。
A：以 -ly 做字尾的副詞在與其他修飾語 (尤其是過去分詞) 構成複合形容詞時不加連字號 (hyphen)。所以，問題中的句子應寫成 He is an internationally known scholar. (他是一位國際知名的學者)，亦即 internationally 及其所修飾的 known 之間沒有連字號。這類複合形容詞相當常見，俯拾即是，如 a widely used device (廣泛使用的裝置)，a beautifully decorated house (裝飾得美輪美奐的房子)，scantily clad girls (穿著清涼的女子)，publicly held securities (公開發行的證券) 等等。
不過，若字尾非 -ly 的副詞與過去分詞構成複合形容詞，則要加連字號，如 an ill-equipped laboratory (設備簡陋的實驗室)，an ill-favored man (其貌不揚的男子)，ill-gotten gains (不義之財)，a well-chosen name (精挑細選的名字)，a well-behaved child (行為端正的小孩)，well-dressed ladies (穿著體面的女士) 等等。
pull * to
把 (已打開的) 門或窗戶關上
Could you pull the door to, please?
pull together
(一群人) 通力合作
If we all pull together, we’ll have it finished in no time.
pull up
(使車輛) 停住
The cab pulled up outside my house and I got out.
pull * up
制止並斥責
He pulled me up because I had got my facts wrong.
pull yourself together
控制你自己的情緒；要控制住你自己
He was so angry that he couldn’t pull himself together.
push in +
插隊；擠到等候隊伍的前面
She just pushed in the queue in front of me at the supermarket checkout.
put * across +
使 (自己的想法、建議等) 被瞭解；表達；溝通
I thought Ms. Smith put her ideas across rather clearly in the meeting.
He found it difficult to put across what he wanted to say at the meeting.
put * away +
把 (某物) 收起來或放回原處
He put the dictionary away on the shelf after he’d finished the crossword.
put * away
把 (某人) 關進 (監獄或精神病院)
The judge put him away for ten years for robbery.
put * away +
儲存 (金錢) 備用
I try to put some money away every month towards our summer holiday.
put * back +
拖延，推遲
The AGM has been put back until July the seventeenth.
put * by +
儲存 (金錢) 備用
I try to put some money by every month towards our summer holiday.
Try to put a little bit by each week.
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